Nadharia ya CAP inasema kwamba mfumo wa kusambaza unaweza kuhakikisha angalau mbili kati ya tatu za mali — Ulinganifu, Upatikanaji, na Uvumilivu wa Mgawanyiko — wakati mmoja. Kwa kuwa mgawanyiko wa mtandao hauwezi kuepukwa, chaguo halisi ni kati ya ulinganifu na upatikanaji wakati wa mgawanyiko.
Mali tatu
CONSISTENCY (C) → every read sees the latest write (all nodes agree on the data)
AVAILABILITY (A) → every request gets a response (the system stays responsive)
PARTITION TOLERANCE (P) → the system keeps working despite network partitions
(communication breaks between nodes)
→ CAP: you can only fully guarantee TWO of these three simultaneously.
