Uangalifu wa mfumo (Observability) ni uwezo wa kuelewa hali ya ndani ya mfumo kutoka kwa matokeo ya nje — kupitia logs, metrics, na traces. Ni muhimu kwa uendeshaji, kubahatisha, na kudumisha mifumo (hasa ya kusambaza), ambapo huwezi kudhibiti kile ambacho huwezi kuona.
Nguzo tatu za uangalifu wa mfumo
LOGS → timestamped records of events (what happened) → detailed, for debugging specific issues
METRICS → numerical measurements over time (CPU, latency, request rate, error rate) →
aggregate health/performance; dashboards; alerting
TRACES → follow a request's path through the system (across services) → understand flows,
find bottlenecks/failures in DISTRIBUTED systems (which service was slow?)
→ together: understand WHAT happened, the OVERALL state, and the PATH of requests.
