Observability er evnen til at forstå et systems interne tilstand ud fra dets eksterne output — gennem logs, metrics og traces. Det er essentielt for at drive, debugge og vedligeholde systemer (især distribuerede), hvor du ikke kan administrere det, du ikke kan se.
De tre søjler i observability
LOGS → timestamped records of events (what happened) → detailed, for debugging specific issues
METRICS → numerical measurements over time (CPU, latency, request rate, error rate) →
aggregate health/performance; dashboards; alerting
TRACES → follow a request's path through the system (across services) → understand flows,
find bottlenecks/failures in DISTRIBUTED systems (which service was slow?)
→ together: understand WHAT happened, the OVERALL state, and the PATH of requests.
