A goroutine wata rinni ce mai karfi, wacce runtime na Go ke gudanar da ita a daidai. Hajja tana da sauki - kawai sai ka saka go kafin kiran aiki. Goroutines shine alamar Go don aiki a lokaci gida — suna da tsada da tsada fiye da zane-zanen OS, saboda haka kika iya gudanar da dubu ko miliyoyi.
{
fmt.Println()
}
sayHello()
{
fmt.Println()
}()
Keywordin go yana fara aiki a kan sabon goroutine kuma yana dawowa nan da nan — lamarin da ke kira yana cigaba ba tare da jira ba.
OS thread: ~1–2 MB of memory each → thousands max
Goroutine: ~2 KB initial stack (grows as needed) → MILLIONS feasible
The Go runtime SCHEDULES many goroutines onto a small pool of OS threads (M:N).
Goroutines ba su zane-zanen OS ba — Go scheduler yana raba goroutines da yawa akan zane-zanen OS kaɗan. Wannan yana sa su su kasua sosai, wanda ya ba da damar aiki a lokaci gida (misali, goroutine ɗaya a baje gida cikin sawar da ke gnida haɗi miliyoyi).
func main() {
go sayHello() // ❌ main might EXIT before this goroutine runs → nothing printed
// program ends immediately
}
Uban main ya dawowa, shiri ya kare — wanda ke kas yawancin goroutines da ke gudu. Kana buƙatun daidaita.
var wg sync.WaitGroup
for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
wg.Add(1) // increment the counter
go func(n int) {
defer wg.Done() // decrement when this goroutine finishes
fmt.Println("worker", n)
}(i) // pass i as an argument (avoid the loop-var capture bug)
}
wg.Wait() // BLOCK until all goroutines call Done()
sync.WaitGroup hanya ce ta yau da kullun don jira don goroutines masu yawa ya gama.
ch := make(chan string)
go func() { ch <- "result" }() // send a result on the channel
msg := <-ch // receive (blocks until a value arrives)
Falsafar Go: "Kar ka sadarwa ta raba alaƙa; raba alaƙa ta sadarwa" — yi amfani da channels don watsa bayanai tsakanin goroutines maimakon raba alaƙa + locks.
Goroutines shine siffar Go kuma babbar dalilin da ya sa ta zama mabashi a matsaloli masu alaƙa da sadarwa.
Su kasua sosai (kilobytes maimakon megabytes don zane-zanen, wanda ake gudana M:N akan zane-zanen OS) yana sa aiki a lokaci gida ya zama mai amfani kuma sai da sauki — sawar zata iya aje goroutine a bugun bugun buɗe ko haɗi ba tare da alikali ba, wanda ke wahala ko rashin watsewa tare da zane-zanen OS.
sakarƙara kallon yadda ake aje su (go), bukatuwar gaggawa na daidaita (main da ke kasua ya kas goroutines; yi amfani da WaitGroup don jira), da fifikon Go don sadarwa ta channels a maimakon raba alaƙa shine mahimmanci ga rubuta Go mai yarda.
Goroutines (da alamu kusa da su) suna tsakiya kundin GO kuma daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da aka gwadu sosai a harshe.