CASE jini ne na SQL na sarati — yana dawo da kyautai daban-daban dangane da sharatai, kamar if/else a cikin bubugi. Ana amfani da shi a cikin SELECT (ƙididdiga/sharatacciyar ginshika), ORDER BY, adadin abubuwa, da ƙari — yana ƙara ilimin sarati ga bubugi.
name,
age,
age
age
age_group
users;
Searched CASE yana auna sharatai a umarni, yana dawo da ƙimar na farkon daidaitacciyar WHEN. ELSE yana ba da abin taya (ba a gida, jere mara sabon suna suna samun NULL).
SELECT name,
CASE status -- simple form — compares `status` to each value
WHEN 'A' THEN 'Active'
WHEN 'I' THEN 'Inactive'
ELSE 'Unknown'
END AS status_label
FROM users;
-- count/sum conditionally (a very useful pattern)
SELECT
COUNT(CASE WHEN status = 'active' THEN 1 END) AS active_count,
COUNT(CASE WHEN status = 'inactive' THEN 1 END) AS inactive_count,
SUM(CASE WHEN type = 'sale' THEN amount ELSE 0 END) AS sales_total
FROM orders;
-- → multiple conditional counts/sums in ONE query (pivoting-like)
Aamfani da CASE a cikin ƙididdiga yana ba ku damar ƙididdige adadin sharatacciyar multiple ko taranƙa a cikin bubugi gida — dabarar ƙarfi don rajistar (a zahiri yana juyar da bayanai).
ORDER BY CASE status
WHEN 'urgent' THEN 1
WHEN 'normal' THEN 2
ELSE 3
END; -- custom priority sort
CASE jini ne na SQL masu mahimmanci, da loti — don ƙara ilimin sarati ga bubugi — juyar, warware, da sharatacciyar ƙididdige ƙimar kai tsaye a SQL, saboda haka fahimtar shi yana da muhimmanci don bubugi na gida da rajistar.
Sanin yadda ake amfani da CASE a cikin SELECT (samar da sharatacciyar/ƙididdiga ginshika — kamar warware shekarun jiya, kasua kodoji zuwa labels) muhimmanci ne na yau da kullun don yin gyara ga fitowar bubugi.
Muhimmaci sosai shi ne amfani da CASE a cikin ƙididdiga (sharatacciyar ƙididdiga da taranƙa — kamar ƙididdige masu aiki vs mara aiki a bubugi gida, ko taranƙa kawai wani nau'i) — dabarar muhimmaci don rajistar da ƙididdiga da ke juyar da bayanai, ƙididdige adadin sharatacciyar multiple a bubugi gida mai karfi. CASE a cikin ORDER BY yana ba da damar tsarin jeri na abin yaji (jeri mai matsalar).
Fahimtar durin searched (auna sharatai) da simple (daidaita ƙimar), da gida daban-daban da CASE ke aiki, yana rufe amfani na aiki.
")) saboda ƙara ilimin sarati — warware bayanai, sharatacciyar ƙididdiga don rajistar, tsarin jeri na abin yaji — is a muhimmaci a bubugi da musamman a rajistar/ƙididdiga, da saboda CASE shi ne tsarin ma'aikaci, karfin hanya don bayyana ilimin sarati kai tsaye a SQL (ba tare da janyar bayanai a cikin aikin na aiki don saurin juyar), kunshin jinin CASE yana da amfani, ilimin da aka yi akai-akai na cewa yana ƙara karfin bubugi, musamman ƙarfin don sharatacciyar ƙididdiga tsarin da ke tsakanin SQL-tushen rajistar da ƙididdiga bayanai.