除了基本提示词外,高级技术 — few-shot、chain-of-thought、structured output、system prompts 等 — 能够显著改进 LLM 在复杂任务上的结果。理解这些技术有助于充分利用 LLM。
关键高级技术
✓ FEW-SHOT → provide EXAMPLES of input/output in the prompt → the model follows the pattern
(great for specific formats/behaviors); ZERO-SHOT = no examples (just instructions)
✓ CHAIN-OF-THOUGHT (CoT) → ask the model to REASON step by step ('think step by step') →
improves complex reasoning/math (shows its work → more accurate)
✓ STRUCTURED OUTPUT → ask for a specific format (JSON, etc.) → reliable parsing for app
integration (often with schemas/tools)
✓ SYSTEM PROMPTS → set overall behavior/role/rules (the model's persistent instructions)
✓ ROLE/persona → 'You are an expert X' → frames responses
