神经网络是灵感来自大脑的计算系统——由组织在多个层中的相互连接的**节点(神经元)**组成,从数据中学习模式。它们是深度学习和现代AI的基础。
什么是神经网络
text
NEURAL NETWORK → layers of connected NODES (neurons) that process data:
→ INPUT layer (receives data) → HIDDEN layer(s) (process/transform) → OUTPUT layer (result)
→ each connection has a WEIGHT; neurons combine inputs, apply an activation function
→ the network LEARNS by adjusting weights to map inputs to correct outputs
→ loosely inspired by the brain's neurons (but a mathematical model)
它们如何学习
text
TRAINING → adjust the weights so the network produces correct outputs:
1. FORWARD PASS → input flows through, producing an output
2. compare output to the correct answer → compute the ERROR (loss)
3. BACKPROPAGATION → adjust weights to reduce the error (gradient descent)
4. repeat over MANY examples → the network learns the patterns
→ learning = finding the weights that minimize error on the training data
