Ni nini Minimum Viable Product (MVP)?

Question

Accepted Answer

**Minimum Viable Product (MVP)** ni toleo ndogo zaidi la bidhaa ambalo linatoa thamani halisi na linakuruhusu **kujifunza** ikiwa uko njiani sahihi. Lengo si kusambaza kitu kibovu — lengo ni kujaribu dhana yenye hatari zaidi kwa juhudi ndogo kabisa kabla ya kuinvest zaidi.

## Wazo la msingi

```text
MVP = MINIMUM (smallest build) + VIABLE (actually usable, delivers value)

NOT minimum + broken
NOT every feature, half-finished
BUT a real, focused slice that solves one problem well
```

## Mfano wa kawaida

Unataka kujenga programu ya kukamatia chakula. Programu kamili yenye menu, malipo, na logistiki ni miezi ya kazi. MVP inaweza kuwa ukurasa rahisi wa kukamatia pamoja na mchakato wa mikono: wateja wanaagiza kupitia fomu, na wewe huandaa vipimo kwa mikono. Ikiwa hakuna anayeagiza, umehifadhi miezi. Ikiwa wanafanya, umuhakkikisha mahitaji kabla ya kujenga.

## Picha ya kushangilia

Ikiwa lengo ni usafiri, usitume gurudumu moja tu na uuite MVP. Utume skateboard — ndogo, lakini hufanya kweli kusafirisha mtu mahali fulani. Kila mharaka hukamatia hicho kwenye gari.

## Kukataa kawaida

```text
✗ "MVP" used as an excuse to ship something broken
✗ Cramming in features → it's no longer minimum
✗ Building the MVP but never measuring/learning from it
```

## Kwa nini ni muhimu

Karibuni kila wazo la bidhaa ni lisilo sahihi kwa njia fulani.

MVP hupungua hatari: utumia kidogo kujifunza sana, badala ya kuweka miezi juu ya dhana ambayo haijajaribiwa.

Sehemu ya "viable" ni muhimu kama "minimum" — kipande ambacho haufanyi kazi halisi hakukufundishi chochote.