Modern Django (3.1+) yana goyon bayan asynchronous views ta amfani da Python's async/await, yana ba da damar ingantaccen gudanarwa na I/O-bound concurrent ayyuka (kiran API ta waje, async database access) ba tare da tarewa ba. Wannan yana karfafa Django's al'ada synchronous model ga muhtasai na musamman.
# a synchronous view (the traditional default)
def sync_view(request):
data = requests.get("https://api.example.com").json() # BLOCKS the worker
return JsonResponse(data)
# an async view — can await I/O without blocking
import httpx
async def async_view(request):
async with httpx.AsyncClient() as client:
response = await client.get("https://api.example.com") # non-blocking await
return JsonResponse(response.json())
Anda async def view ita ce za ta iya await I/O ayyuka, yana ba server damar gudanar da wasu bukatu yayin jira — inganta don views da aka yi masu kiran waje masu jiya.
import asyncio
async def dashboard(request):
# run multiple slow API calls CONCURRENTLY instead of sequentially
users, orders, stats = await asyncio.gather(
fetch_users(),
fetch_orders(),
fetch_stats(),
)
# 3 calls taking 1s each → ~1s total (concurrent), not 3s (sequential)
return JsonResponse({"users": users, "orders": orders, "stats": stats})
Babbar amfani: jira ga maraka I/O masu zaman kansa concurrently (tare da asyncio.gather) — haɗe jira su domin saurin gudu muni yayin da view ta tattara bayani daga marukan jiya masu yawa.
# async query methods (Django 4.1+)
async def get_articles(request):
articles = [a async for a in Article.objects.all()] # async iteration
article = await Article.objects.aget(pk=1) # async get
await Article.objects.acreate(title="New") # async create
return JsonResponse({...})
Django yanzu yana ba da async ORM hanyoyin (aget, acreate, async for) don za ka iya yin database access a cikin async views ba tare da tarewa ba.
✓ USE async for: I/O-bound views with concurrent external calls, slow APIs,
websockets/streaming, high-concurrency I/O workloads
✗ DON'T expect async to speed up CPU-bound work (it doesn't — that's not the point)
✗ Don't call SYNCHRONOUS blocking code directly in async views (blocks the event loop)
→ wrap it with sync_to_async; use async-compatible libraries (httpx, async ORM)
✗ Much of the Django ecosystem is still sync — mixing requires care (async_to_sync / sync_to_async)
Deployment: needs an ASGI server (uvicorn, daphne), not just WSGI
from asgiref.sync import sync_to_async, async_to_sync
result = await sync_to_async(blocking_function)() # run sync code from async safely
Async support shine babbar iko na modern Django da ya dace a fahimta, kuma amfani sa yana takaitawa — yana ba da amfani na gaske don I/O-bound, high-concurrency ayyuka yayin da ba shi ba tsohon mahallin.
Babbar ƙarfin ƙimar shine wajen yin ingantaccen concurrent I/O: async views ita ce za ta iya await masu jiya ayyuka (kiran API ta waje, async database queries) ba tare da tarewa ba, kuma a musamman za ta iya aiwatar da maraka I/O masu zaman kansa concurrently (via asyncio.gather), haɗe jira su — gudu mai tsanani don views da ta tattara bayani daga marukan waje masu jiya masu yawa, ko don high-concurrency I/O yanayi kamar websockets da streaming.
Fahimtar lokaci async yana taimaka (I/O-bound concurrency) da lokaci ba ya taimaka ba (ba shi ba amfani don CPU-bound aiki) shine mahimmanci a yin amfani da shi da tabatuwa maimakon cargo-culting shi a gida.
Daidai mahimmanci su ne caveats da ke saurin async a Django: ka dole ne ka bugi async-compatible laburare (httpx maimakon requests, async ORM hanyoyin kamar aget/acreate) kuma gujewa kiran synchronous blocking code kai tsaye a async views (wanda ke tarewa event loop, faɗa burin) — butuwa sync_to_async/async_to_sync bridging, kulcare tafiya cewa yawancin Django ecosystem ya kasance synchronous, da ASGI server don deployment.
Sanin async views suna wanzu, ainihin yanayin aiki su (concurrent I/O, features na real-time), async ORM, da mahimmancin ɓatanci yana nuna sani na modern Django's tsammani da hankali na amfani async inda ya taimaka gaske.
Ko da cewa ba a buƙa shi ga kowane aikace-aikace (Django's synchronous model ya kasance daidai da tabatuwa don yawancin), async yana girma relevance don I/O-heavy, high-concurrency, da real-time aikace-aikacen, yana saurin muhimmanci na senior-level ilimi don fahimtar Django's kasalinsali iko da zaɓi madadin concurrency ta tabatuwa don wani aiki.