Ta yaya za ka inganta karfin aiki na app na Flutter?

Question

Accepted Answer

Duk da cewa Flutter yana da karfi ta tsakanin kauri, ingantawa ta karfin aiki ta tattara rasa gida daidai da butu (rebuilds), ingantaccen sarrafa jeri, amfani daidai da **const**, karewa aiki mai tsada a cikin gida, da bincike. Fahimtar waɗannan abubuwan yana ajiye apps a jiya (60/120 fps).

## Rasa gida daidai da butu

```text
✓ Use CONST constructors where possible → const widgets aren't rebuilt (huge win)
  const Text('Static')   // not rebuilt unnecessarily
✓ Keep setState/rebuild scope SMALL → rebuild only what changed (extract widgets so
  state changes rebuild a small subtree, not the whole screen)
✓ Use targeted state management (rebuild only widgets that depend on changed state)
✓ Don't rebuild large trees for small changes
```

## Jeri mai tsada

```text
✓ Use ListView.BUILDER (not ListView with all children) for long/infinite lists →
  builds only VISIBLE items lazily (not all at once) — critical for long lists
✓ Same for GridView.builder; use keys appropriately; avoid heavy item widgets
```

## Karera aiki mai tsada a cikin build()

```text
✓ build() runs OFTEN → keep it cheap; don't do heavy computation, I/O, or allocations there
✓ Cache/precompute expensive results; move work out of build
✓ Heavy computation → use ISOLATES (run on a separate thread, off the UI thread) to
  avoid jank (the UI thread must stay free for smooth 60fps rendering)
```

## Bincike da sauran ingantawa

```text
✓ Use Flutter DEVTOOLS → performance overlay, widget rebuild profiler, timeline →
  FIND the actual bottlenecks (measure, don't guess)
✓ Optimize images (sizes, caching); avoid unnecessary opacity/clipping (expensive)
✓ Test in PROFILE/RELEASE mode (debug mode is slower — don't judge perf in debug)
✓ Reduce overdraw; use RepaintBoundary to isolate repaints
```

## Me yasa ya matuwa

Fahimtar ingantawa ta karfin aiki na Flutter ita ce ilimi mai mahimmanci na matakin senior domin **karfin aiki mai kyau ya zama dole ne don ikon gida mai kyau**, kuma duk da cewa Flutter yana da karfi ta tsakanin kauri, abubuwan aiki na gaske suna iya haifar da matsaloli ta karfin aiki (jank, rugujewar firam) da ake bukata tunkarar.

Mafi babbar kayan aiki shi ne **rasa gida daidai da butu**: amfani da **const constructors** (sabili da const widgets ba za a sake gida ba — nasarar matuha kuma sauƙi), watsi da **setState/rebuild scope karamar** (haɗawa da widgets sabili da sauyi a gida sai rasa gida karama gida kaɗan maimakon duk allon), da amfani da ingantaccen sarrafa state (rasa gida karama gida wacce ta dogara da sauyi da aka gwada) — domin rasa gida daidai da butu ta kasuwanci ta kasuwanci. **Jeri mai tsada** ta zama dole: amfani da **`ListView.builder`** (wanda yana gida ni sauri kamar abubuwan da aka gani) maimakon gida duka yara a jiya shi ya zama dole ne ga jeri mai tsada — ingantawa ta kasuwanci, mahimmanci. **Karera aiki mai tsada a cikin `build()`** ya matuwa domin gida yana gudana kada-kada (sabili ya kamata ya rata tsada, tare da ingantaccen ƙididdiga ya tashi yana daidai ko gudana akan **isolates** waje da allon UI don karewa jank, domin UI thread ya kamata ya ci gida don sauri mai kyau). **Bincike tare da Flutter DevTools** (abubuwan sa karfin aiki, sarrafa bincike, da layin lokaci don neman batutuwan haƙika) shine mahimmancin yiwa — aunawa maimakon tunka — tare da gwada a yanayin profile/release (ba debug, wanda yafi jiya) da ingantawa hotuna da sake fenti.

Sauri mai kyau 60/120fps ne ya sayi apps suke da makyawa, kuma jank ana gani kuma ana gaji, sabili ingantawa isu ta zauna kai tsaye ga ikon gida.

Domin sauri mai kyau ya zama dole ne don gida mai kyau kuma abubuwan aiki na Flutter na gaske suna iya haifar da matsaloli ta karfin aiki da daidai ingantawa (const, rasa gida karamar, jeri mai tsada, gida mai tsada, isolates, bincike) ta tunkarar, fahimtar ingantawa ta karfin aiki na Flutter ita ce ilimi mai mahimmanci na matakin senior don gida apps mai kyau, mai kyau — mahimmin mahimmin karfin aiki da aka karfawa ne don Flutter development na kasuwanci wanda ya kamata ya ajiye apps suke da aiki kuma ba jank, wanda yana nuni da kawaita karfi wanda ake tsammanin jiya matakin senior.