Platform channels a ninka?

Question

Accepted Answer

**Platform channels** su tsarin sadarwa na Flutter tsakanin **tsarin Dart da tsarin asali na gida** (iOS/Android) — yana ba da damar Flutter samun aiki na asali ko tsarin asali da jami'i da ba'a samu ta hanyar fakitoci na Dart. Suna haɗa Flutter zuwa tsarin asali na gida.

## Dalilin da platform channels suka haltu

```text
Flutter (Dart) can't directly access every native platform feature. Platform channels
let Dart call NATIVE code (Kotlin/Java on Android, Swift/Objective-C on iOS):
  → access native APIs/SDKs not covered by existing plugins
  → use existing native libraries or platform-specific functionality
  → integrate with native code in a hybrid app
→ The bridge between Flutter and the native platform.
```

## Yadda method channels suke aiki

```dart
// Dart side: invoke a native method via a MethodChannel
static const platform = MethodChannel('com.example/battery');

Future<int> getBatteryLevel() async {
  final int level = await platform.invokeMethod('getBatteryLevel');  // call native
  return level;
}
```

```kotlin
// Native side (Android/Kotlin): handle the method call
MethodChannel(flutterEngine, "com.example/battery").setMethodCallHandler { call, result ->
  if (call.method == "getBatteryLevel") {
    result.success(getBatteryLevel())   // return the result to Dart
  }
}
```

**MethodChannel** ya ba da damar Dart kiranta ayyukan asali da karba sakamakon (async). Gefen asali ya kamata kirawa da maimaita ƙimar.

## Nau'in channels da la'akari

```text
MethodChannel → call native methods (request/response) — most common
EventChannel → stream of events FROM native to Dart (e.g. sensor data)
BasicMessageChannel → send messages both ways
→ Most apps use PLUGINS (which use channels internally) rather than writing channels
  directly. Write channels when no plugin exists for what you need.
→ Requires native code knowledge (Kotlin/Swift); platform-specific implementation per OS.
```

## Dalilin da ya dace

Tuntuni game da platform channels abin da ake so ga matakin senior saboda su ne **yadda Flutter ke samun aiki na asali na dandali** da ba'a samu ta hanyar Dart, karfin muhimmi don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar aiki na asali, don haka yana da aiki don haɓakawa na Flutter na jiya.

Buƙatun asali — Flutter (Dart) ba zai iya damowa na tsari gida na kowane aiki na asali, don haka **platform channels su haɗa Dart zuwa tsarin asali** (Kotlin/Java akan Android, Swift/Objective-C akan iOS) — yana magance ƙaɗanci na gaske: lokacin da aikace-aikacen ya buƙaci API na asali, SDK, ko tsarin asali da jami'i ba'a samunsa tsakanin fakitocin Flutter da akwai, platform channels ne hanya don samunsa.

Tuntuni game da **yadda method channels ke aiki** (Dart kiranta ayyukan asali ta hanyar `MethodChannel` da karba sakamakon async, tare da gefen asali ya kamata kirawa da maimaita ƙimar) shine tsarin asali na sadarwa tsakanin Dart da asali.

Tuntuni game da **nau'in channels** (MethodChannel don kiraye/amsa kimanta — safi; EventChannel don raguwa na abubuwan abubuwan asali kamar bayyanar jiya; BasicMessageChannel don sadarwa mai sauƙi) ya ɗauki zaɓukan sadarwa.

Da mahimmanc, tuntuning **yanayin gida** — cewa yawancin aikace-aikace suna amfani da **fakitoci** (waɗanda ke amfani da platform channels ciki) maimakon rubuta channels kai tsaye, da cewa ka rubuta channels kai da kai lokacin babu fakiti da aka kasance don abin da kake buƙata — yana nuni da amfani na gaske, da cewa tuntuning da wannan yana bukatar ilimin asali (Kotlin/Swift) da aiwatar da tsarin OS kwa os yana sakowa jiya.

Platform channels su ba da damar Flutter haɗa da tsarin asali da samun cikakken dandali, muhimmi don aikace-aikace tare da buƙatu na asali.

Tun da samun aiki na asali wani lokaci ya kamata (lokacin babu fakiti da ya ɗauki buƙata) da platform channels su ne tsarin Flutter don samunsa, da cewa tuntuning yadda suke aiki, nau'in channels, da lokacin da ake buƙa su ne abin da ake so ga haɓakawa na Flutter da jiya, tuntuning platform channels yana da aiki ga matakin senior — haɗin gida yana ba da damar Flutter samun aiki na asali na dandali, muhimmi don aikace-aikace tare da buƙatu na haɗi na asali da nuni ga fahimtar dandali ya yi jiya ake tsamani ga matakan senior na Flutter.