Menene jakunkunan da ba a iya bilaini ba (flaky tests) kuma ta yaya ake magance su?

Question

Accepted Answer

**Jakunkunan da ba a iya bilaini ba** su ne jakunkunan da **suka iya kofa ko sakewa ba daidai ba** ba tare da canja lissafi ba — wani lokaci suna kofa, wani lokaci suna sakewa akan gida daya. Suna matsala mai tsanani saboda suna rushe amince da jerin jakunkunan. Fahimtar dalilansu da wahalanni yana da mahimmanci.

## Menene jakunkunan da ba a iya bilaini ba da ta yaya suna illa

```text
A FLAKY test gives INCONSISTENT results (pass sometimes, fail other times) on the SAME code:
  → harmful: ERODES TRUST — people start ignoring failures ("oh, it's just flaky") →
    real failures get missed too
  → waste time on false alarms / re-runs; break CI; reduce confidence in the whole suite
→ Flaky tests are worse than no test if they make people distrust all tests.
```

## Dalilan da aka saba ga su

```text
✗ TIMING / async → race conditions; not waiting properly for async operations (a top cause
  in UI/E2E tests); arbitrary sleeps
✗ ORDER DEPENDENCE → tests depending on each other / shared mutable state
✗ EXTERNAL dependencies → real network/services (network blips, rate limits, downtime)
✗ NON-DETERMINISM → time/dates, randomness, timezone, locale
✗ Test ENVIRONMENT → leftover state, uncleaned data, concurrency/parallelism issues
```

## Gyarawa da sarrafa jakunkunan da ba a iya bilaini ba

```text
✓ Fix the ROOT CAUSE: wait for conditions (not sleeps); make tests INDEPENDENT and clean
  up state; MOCK external dependencies; control time/randomness (inject them)
✓ Ensure proper isolation (no shared state, no order dependence)
✓ Don't just RETRY blindly (it hides the problem) — investigate and fix
✓ QUARANTINE persistently flaky tests (isolate so they don't block) WHILE fixing them
✓ Treat flakiness seriously — track and address it (it degrades the whole suite)
```

## Ta yaya ya shafi

Fahimtar jakunkunan da ba a iya bilaini ba da ta yaya ake magance su yana da mahimmanci saboda **jakunkunan da ba a iya bilaini ba su ne matsala mai tsanani da gida da take rushe daraja na duka jerin jakunkuna**, saboda haka ilimi mai amfani ne.

Jakunkun da ba a iya bilaini (yana kofa ko sakewa ba daidai ba akan gida daya) yana illa musamman saboda ya **rushe amince**: lokacin da jakunkunan suka sakewa ba tare da tutari ba, mutane suna fara watsi da sakewa ("ita ce ta ba a iya bilaini kawai"), wanda zai niyya cewa **sakewa na ainihi suna watsiwa — saboda haka ba a iya bilaini ya sami rasi ga amince da duka jerin jakunkuna, wanda yiya zama mafi gaske cewa ba shi da amfani.

Fahimtar nema gadinin neman yin magudi a cire ba a iya bilaini.

Fahimtar **dalilan da aka saba ga su** — **matsala na lokaci/da karya** (yanayin yarjejeniya, rashin jira da kyau don ayyukan karya, bakin ciki tuguya ba a amfani — babbar dalili musamman a cikin gida/E2E jakunkunan), **dogaro na tsarin** (jakunkunan da suke dogara da juna ko kasuwancin da aka raba), **bakin dogaro** (ainihin sadarwa/sabis tare da sakarkoki su da bugi), **rashin yin daidai daidai** (lokaci, tashin kada, lokacinsa, hal), da **matsala na yanayin gida** (zubar da jimloli, tafiya daidai) — yana da mahimmanci ga gane ba a iya bilaini.

Fahimtar ta yaya za'a **gyara da sarrafa** su — gyarawa ga dalilan asali (jira ga abubuwan da bai dace ba maimakon tuguya, sa'a jakunkunan su da karya da tsababbi, rufe bakin dogaro, sarrafa lokaci da tashin kada), tabbattar kamannin, **ba koli sai kawai ba** (wanda ke boye matsala), katantanin jakunkunan na ba a iya bilaini na yau-yau yayin gyarawa, da yin magudi a cire ba a iya bilaini azaman matsala mai tsanani don sherewa da tunani — suna nunawa da madaidaicin hanya.

Saboda jakunkunan da ba a iya bilaini ba su ne matsala gida, mai tsanani da take rushe amince a cikin jerin jakunkuna (matsala ainihi a gidajen da aka gina), kuma saboda fahimtar dalilansu da sarrafa su da kyau (gyarawa ga dalilan asali, kamannin, ba koli sai kawai) yana da mahimmanci don sarrafa jerin jakunkuna tare da jiya, fahimtar jakunkunan da ba a iki bilaini ba ilimi ne mai mahimmanci, mai amfani ne — tunani a matsalar tsarin kokarin bae, mahimmanci don sarrafa jerin jakunkuna tare da bilaini, da nunawa da karfin juriya na tunani don magance gida daya daga matsalolin bae masu damun da abin takaici.