Service providers menene?

Question

Accepted Answer

**Service providers** su ne waje ta tsakiya don **daidaita da shirya** aikacin Laravel — litin ayyuka a cikin jerin aiki, haɗa jigolin ga aiwatarwa, da shirye fakiti. Su ne yadda Laravel (da fakiti) ke tuƙi aiwatarwarsu a farkon farawa.

## Tsarin: jiƙi da bugi

```php
<?php
class AppServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider {
    public function register(): void {
        // BIND things into the container — runs FIRST, for all providers
        $this->app->bind(PaymentGateway::class, StripeGateway::class);
        $this->app->singleton(Reporter::class, fn() => new Reporter(config('reporting')));
    }

public function boot(): void {
        // BOOTSTRAP — runs AFTER all providers are registered
        // (everything is available; use for view composers, observers, macros, etc.)
        View::composer('dashboard', DashboardComposer::class);
        Model::preventLazyLoading();
    }
}
```

Kowannen mai ba da aiki yana da hanyoyi biyu: **`register()`** (ka haɗa ayyuka a cikin jerin aiki — yana aiki na farko, don haka kada ka yi amfani da sauran ayyuka a nan) da **`boot()`** (yana aiki bayan an jiƙi duk mai ba da aiki, don haka kome ana samuwa — don shirye-shirye da ya dogara ga sauran ayyuka).

## Abin da ake amfani da mai ba da aiki

```text
✓ Binding interfaces to implementations in the container
✓ Registering singletons and configuring services
✓ Bootstrapping packages (their service providers register their features)
✓ Registering event listeners, observers, view composers, route/macro setup
✓ Loading config, routes, migrations, or views (especially for packages)
```

## Jikin mai ba da aiki

```php
// providers are listed in config/app.php (or bootstrap/providers.php in newer Laravel)
// generate one: php artisan make:provider PaymentServiceProvider
```

## Yadda fakiti suke amfani da su

```text
A Laravel package ships a service provider that registers ITS services, routes,
config, and views into your app when installed — this is how packages "plug in".
```

## Yake da mahimmanci

Service providers lamari ne mahimmaci a Laravel — su ne tsakiyar tsarin don **daidaita da shirya** aikaci da fakitinsa, don haka fahimtar su yana da mahimmanci don tsara-tsara shirye-shirye aikaci da fahimtar yadda Laravel da muhallil-muhallilsa ke aiki.

Mai ba da aiki shi ne wurin da kake jikin ayyuka a cikin jerin aiki (haɗa jigolin ga aiwatarwa, shirye-shirye singletons), saita halaye-halaye na aikaci a bakin duniya (makinan abin da ya faru, magare-magare, m.s.), da inda jiya kanta da fakiti kowa ke tuƙi aiwatarwarsu a farkon farawa.

Fahimtar **`register()` da `boot()` banbanta** (register don haɗa ayyuka — yana aiki na farko; boot don shirye-shirye da ya dogara ga sauran ayyuka — yana aiki bayan an jiƙi kome) shine makullin amfani da mai ba da aiki a daidai dai da guje karawa ga rikice-rikicen umurni.

Cikakke, service providers su ne yadda **fakiti ke haɗa** da aikacin ka — fakiti yana kawo da mai ba da aiki da ke jikin ayyukansa, hanyoyi, shirya, da kaloli, waɗanda su ne tushe-tushen iko na Laravel na tsagawa.

Sanin menene akwai aiki da nai, register/boot tsarin da shi, da yadda suke daidaita kodun ka da fakiti yana da mahimmanci game da tsara-tsara shirye-shirye aikaci, haɗa da gina fakiti, da fahimtar yadda Laravel ke shiryawa kanta a farkon farawa — yana sa shi mahimmaci batu ga tsarin-tsarin kaɗan-kai da san kai da aiki da muhallil-muhallil fakiti na jiya, kuma don aiki da muhallil-muhallilsa na fakiti.