Ruby tana sarrafa kuskure tare da begin/rescue/ensure (daidai da try/catch/finally na Ruby). Kun iya "raise" kuskure da "rescue" su, tare da ensure don tsaftacewa. Ruby kuma tana ba da izini ga rescue a matakin hanya (ba tare da "begin" bayyananne ba) don code mafi kyau.
begin
result = risky_operation
rescue ArgumentError => e # rescue a SPECIFIC exception type
puts "Bad argument: #{e.message}"
rescue StandardError => e # broader catch (StandardError, not Exception)
puts "Error: #{e.message}"
retry if attempts < 3 # retry can re-run the begin block
else
puts "succeeded" # runs if NO exception
ensure
cleanup # ALWAYS runs (success or failure)
end
begin/rescue/ensure shine try/catch/finally na Ruby. Cire nau'ikan kuskure da cikakke (rescue ArgumentError), yi amfani da ensure don tsaftacewa da tabbas, da else don halin babu kuskure. retry zai iya yunƙurin komawa jiya.
rescue => e # ✅ bare rescue catches StandardError (the right default)
rescue StandardError # ✅ explicit, same thing
rescue Exception # ❌ AVOID — catches EVERYTHING including system signals
# (Interrupt/Ctrl-C, SystemExit) — can break the program
Mahimmi: rescue babare tana cire StandardError (daidai da tuni gida ga kuskure na aikace-aikace). Cire Exception (tushe) tana cire komai, har da sigina matakin tsarin kamar Interrupt (Ctrl-C) da SystemExit — abin da ba ka so a cire gida kamar, gama yana iya katse program daga kashe.
raise ArgumentError, "Amount must be positive" # raise a built-in
raise "Something failed" # raises RuntimeError
# custom exception class
class InsufficientFundsError < StandardError # inherit from StandardError
def initialize(msg = "Not enough funds")
super
end
end
raise InsufficientFundsError
def process
do_work
rescue => e # rescue WITHOUT begin — applies to the whole method body
handle(e)
ensure
cleanup
end
Sarrafa kuskure da daidai ita ce mahimmi ga aikace-aikacen Ruby marnas, da fahim ta hanyar Ruby — gare da muhimman kalmomin ya ta — ita ce mahimmi.
begin/rescue/ensure tsarin (Ruby's try/catch/finally), cire nau'ikan kuskure da cikakke, yi amfani da ensure don tsaftacewa da tabbas, da sanin rescue matakin hanya (baare bayyananne ba) ba abu ba, kuma mahimmi gida yadda Ruby ke yi.
Mahimmin yare ne gida a Ruby shi ne StandardError vs Exception bambanta: rescue babare (da daidai da tuni) tana cire StandardError, amma cire Exception (tushe na al'ada) tana cire komai — gare da sigina tsarin kamar Interrupt (Ctrl-C) da SystemExit — abin da ba ka so gida, tunda yana iya katse program.
Fahimmin cewa kamata a cire StandardError (ba Exception ba) don kuskure na aikace-aikace ita ce mahimmin fahim Ruby da ke katse zunubuka.
Il fahim tsarin, nau'ikan kuskure na al'ada (wanda ya dangi StandardError), retry, idiom rescue matakin hanya, da tabbatar da StandardError-ba-Exception gajiya ita ce mahimmi don rubuc mai iko, daidai Ruby da ke sarrafa kuskure cikin nagari babu katsewar ikon program.
Tun da kuskure da ba a sarrafa ba da wanne Exception-rescue gajiya duka suna haifar da abubuwa masu basu, fahim Ruby's exception handling — tsarin tsa, idioman, da mahimmin StandardError vs Exception bambanta — ita ce mahimmi, sau-sau-relevant fahim don kirki Ruby development da kumancin jerin saitin.