Late static binding yana sarrafa wacce jerin jeri ke tattare a cikin sitaccen halin gida a cikin gada. Babbar bambanci: self:: yana komawa ga jerin jeri inda aka rubuta shi a jere, sannan static:: yana komawa ga jerin jeri da aka kira daidai — wanda ya damje lokacin da yaro-jeren jeri ya gada jeren jeri mafi girma na static method.
<?php
class ParentClass {
public static function create(): self {
return new self(); // self:: ALWAYS means ParentClass (where it's written)
}
public static function createStatic(): static {
return new static(); // static:: means the CALLED class (runtime)
}
}
class ChildClass extends ParentClass {}
get_class(ChildClass::create()); // "ParentClass" — self:: bound to where written ❌
get_class(ChildClass::createStatic()); // "ChildClass" — static:: bound to the call ✅
self:: ana warwaree shi a lokacin ma'ana (koyaushe jerin jerin da ya kewaita), saboda haka ma lokacin da aka kira ta ChildClass, new self() yana haifar da ParentClass. static:: ana warwaree shi a lokacin gida zuwa garen da aka kira talakda — saboda haka new static() daidai yana haifar da ChildClass.
class Model {
public static function make(): static { // static return type + new static()
return new static(); // ✅ returns an instance of whatever subclass called it
}
}
class User extends Model {}
class Post extends Model {}
User::make(); // returns a User (not a Model) — thanks to late static binding
Post::make(); // returns a Post
Late static binding shine abin da ke sa inherited factory methods, fluent builders, da ORM patterns su mayar da daidaita subclass misali — wajajjiya ga static-method-based APIs frameworks suka dogara da su.
self:: → the class where the code is WRITTEN (early/static binding)
static:: → the class CALLED at runtime (late static binding) — for subclass-aware code
parent:: → the parent class (for calling overridden parent methods)
Late static binding (static:: vs self::) babbar jigon san'a ce da ba jiya ba jiya ba a fahimta ba a PHP, musamman ta alaka ga fahimta yadda frameworks ke aiwatar da inheritance-based static APIs.
Babbantaccen bambanci — wanda self:: yana ɗaure zuwa jerin jeri inda aka rubuta shi sannan static:: yana ɗaure zuwa jerin jeri da aka kira daidai a lokacin gida — yana damje duk lokacin da yaro-jeren jeri ya gada jeren jeri mafi girma na static method wanda ke haifar da misalai ko komawa ga jerin jeri: tare da self::, inherited factory methods sai koyaushe su mayar da jeren jeri mafi girma (kuskura), sannan static:: daidai yana mayar da kiran subclass.
Wan ne daidai abin da ya ba da damar inherited factory methods, fluent builders, da ORM patterns da frameworks kamar Laravel's Eloquent suka dogara da su (misali User::make() mayar da User, ba base Model ba).
Fahimta late static binding ita ce mahimmanci don amfani da waɗannan framework patterns daidai da rubuta naka ga cikin inherited static methods wanda ke yi aiki daidai da subclasses. Duk da kuma zafi mafi girma na jigon, jigon ne na rashin hankali ke bada zuwa a jikins kuskura da rudewa ("me yasa wannan ke mayarwa jeren jeri mafi girma?"), da fahimta self::/static::/parent:: bambanci yana nuna zafin ilimi na PHP's object model da gada hali — mahimmanci ga aiki tare da kuma gina static-method-based, gada-heavy APIs wanda aka saba a cikin modem PHP frameworks.