Menene FastAPI kuma me ya sa ya zama sannu?

Question

Accepted Answer

**FastAPI** shine framework na gida, mai ƙarfin aiki Python don gina APIs, wanda aka gina akan **Python type hints**. Yana amfani da wadannan bayanai don sa tsarawa, serialization, da kuma samar da bayani kai tsaye — yana ba ka suri, kariya, da hanyar buɗe ido mai kyau a jiya.

## API gaba ɗaya a cikin layi kaɗan

```python
from fastapi import FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()

class Item(BaseModel):      # a Pydantic model — defines & validates the shape
    name: str
    price: float

@app.post("/items")
def create_item(item: Item):   # the type hint `item: Item` does the work
    return {"name": item.name, "total": item.price * 1.1}
# automatic: JSON parsing, validation, error responses, AND interactive docs
```

Daga wadannan nau'i guda ɗaya na rubutu, FastAPI yana bude da **tsare** jiki na buɗe, yana dawo da bayani 422 da bayyane kan bautin da bai dace ba, yana samar da amsa, kuma yana haifar da **takaddun APIs masu aiki** — duka ba tare da code na bari ba.

## Me ya sa ya zama sannu

```text
✓ FAST — among the fastest Python frameworks (built on Starlette + async)
✓ Type-hint-driven — validation, serialization, and editor autocomplete from types
✓ Automatic interactive docs (Swagger UI + ReDoc) generated from your code
✓ Pydantic validation — robust input validation with clear errors, for free
✓ Async-native — first-class async/await for high-concurrency I/O
✓ Great DX — minimal boilerplate, excellent editor support, easy to learn
```

## FastAPI vs Django/Flask

```text
FastAPI → modern, async, type-driven, API-first; minimal but powerful
Django  → batteries-included, full-stack (ORM, admin, templates), sync-first
Flask   → minimal, flexible, but you add validation/docs/async yourself
→ FastAPI excels for APIs/microservices needing speed, validation, and docs.
```

## Me ya sa ya matuhi

FastAPI ya zama zane gida don gina APIs Python saboda yana ba da ƙarfin aiki mai ƙarfi, tsarawa ta kai tsaye, da takaddun APIs masu aiki da aka samar a kai tsaye daga tushen gida guda — **Python type hints** — tare da ɗan kaɗan baki.

Alimantar abin da ya yada shi (tsarawa ta nau'i/serialization ta hanyar Pydantic, giɗan async-native, da takaaddun APIs masu aiki na kyauta) yana karantawa yaya ya zama abubuwa kuma yaya aka zaɓi shi don APIs na zamani da microservices sama da tsofon frameworks.

Yana zama mahimmin baki a kan komai game da aiki tare da shi: kusan kowace fasali ta aiki daga nau'i na shiga.