Generics yana ba ka rubuta ajami da hanyoyi na wuce-batte ta nau'i, don haka kodun gida gida ya aiki tare da nau'i da yawa yayin daidaita tsaro nau'i a lokacin compilation. Wannan shi ne parametric polymorphism — "siffa guda, kowane nau'i."
();
list.add();
(String) list.get();
// With generics: type is known and checked at compile time
List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
list.add("hi");
String s = list.get(0); // no cast; list.add(42) won't compile
class Box<T> { // T is a type parameter
private T value;
Box(T value) { this.value = value; }
T get() { return value; }
}
Box<Integer> b = new Box<>(42); // T = Integer, checked at compile time
int n = b.get(); // no cast needed
<T extends Comparable<T>> // bounded: T must be comparable
List<? extends Number> // covariance: accept List<Integer>, List<Double>
Java yana kawar da nau'i na generics a lokacin guida (type erasure) — ba ka iya yin new T() ko instanceof List<String>. C++ templates da C# generics suna da halin daban-daban (monomorphization / reified types).
Generics suna ba da sake amfani da tsaro a lokaci guda: List<T> ɗaya ta aiki tare da duk nau'i na abubuwa, tare da locin jiya na tsara sainin sarraf kuɗi na yau a lokacin guida.
Suna kawar da casts marasa tsaro kuma sune gindin tarin, suna sa kodun ta kasance mafi keyaye kuma mafi wahalar kuma.
Ɗakin karatu na tambayoyin hira na IT tare da amsoshi cikakke — daga Junior zuwa Senior.
Ba da Gudummawa