OOP tsara lambar kewaye da abubuwa da suka hada da jiya mai sauyo tare da halin ; Shirye-shiryen Aiki (FP) tsara lambar kewaye da ayyukan tsafi da bayanai mara sauyo, jira ƙididdiga azaman canji na bayanai. Waɗannan bayyani ne na asali daban, ba akasin ba — kuma yawancin harsuna na zamani sun haɗa su duka.
| OOP | FP | |
|---|---|---|
| Gida | Abin (halin + hanyoyin) | Aiki |
| Halin | Rufaffiyya, sau da yawa mai sauyo | Mara sauyo; guje wa sakaicin gida |
| Polimofizam | Subtaipa / wurin aiki | Ayyukan mafi girma, jigon nufin |
| Ƙara nau'i | Sauƙi (sabon ajin) | Wajen (taɓa kowane aiki) |
| Ƙara aiki | Wajen (taɓa kowane ajin) | Sauƙi (sabuwar aiki) |
Wancan jeri na ƙarshe shine matsalar fadi : kowane kwatance yana ba wata gefen sauyo sauƙi da kuma saniya waje.
# OOP: data + behavior together, dispatch by type
class Circle:
def __init__(self, r): self.r = r
def area(self): return 3.14159 * self.r ** 2
# FP: data is dumb; behavior is a separate pure function
def area(shape):
match shape:
case ("circle", r): return 3.14159 * r ** 2
case ("square", s): return s * s
OOP → rich domains with identity & lifecycle (orders, sessions, UI widgets)
FP → data pipelines, transformations, concurrency (immutability avoids races)
Harsunan zamani sune tare da yawancin kwatance (Scala, Kotlin, Python, Java/C# na zamani), sabili da haka fasahar aiki ce a zaɓa kayan aikin daidai ga matsala, ba zaɓa kabila ba.
Jijiyar FP kan rashin sauyo da ayyukan tsafi ta sake tsara abubuwan OOP mafi kyau — abubuwan lissafi mara sauyo da toshe dogara jiya na hali yanzu su ne abubuwan FP a gida a kyakkyawan fasalin OO.