Ni nini majukumu matatu (responsibiliti) katika Scrum?

Question

Accepted Answer

Scrum inabainisha timu moja — **Scrum Team** — ikiwa na majukumu matatu: **Product Owner, Scrum Master, na Developers**. Hakuna timu ndogo au muundo wa serikali; timu nzima inajibika kwa kuunda thamani kila Sprint.

## Majukumu matatu

```text
PRODUCT OWNER  Owns the Product Backlog and maximizes product value.
               Decides WHAT gets built and in what order.

SCRUM MASTER   Serves the team, coaches Scrum, removes impediments,
               and facilitates events. Owns the team's effectiveness.

DEVELOPERS     The people who build the Increment each Sprint.
               Decide HOW the work gets done; self-managing.
```

## Mfano halisi

Product Owner anasema "watumiaji haiwezi kuweka upya neno lao la siri — hiyo ndio kipaumbele cha juu." Developers wanaamua jinsi ya kutekeleza na kuipull katika Sprint. Scrum Master huanguka kuzuia wakati upatikanaji wa API unaohitajika unakuwa na matatizo.

## Makosa yanayojirudia

- Scrum Master akitenda kama meneja wa mradi anayetoa mipango ya kazi.
- Product Owner asiyepatikana, na kuacha timu kukamatia mahitaji ya kipaumbele.
- Kunogeza "Developers" kama waandaaji tu — inajumuisha wavinjari, wabunifu, kila mtu anayejenga Increment.

## Kwa nini ni muhimu

Majukumu safi yanakataza usumbufu unaojirudia zaidi: mtatizo juu ya nani anayechagua kipaumbele dhidi ya nani anayechagua utekelezaji.

Kutenganisha *nini* (Product Owner) kutoka *jinsi* (Developers) kunaweka timu iliyozingatia na backlog inayomilikiwa na mtu mmoja anajibika.